Redox biology is the study of the role of redox processes in biological systems, focusing on the balance between oxidants and antioxidants in cells. Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules and play a critical role in various cellular processes, including energy production, signaling, and regulation of gene expression. Imbalances in redox homeostasis, often caused by an excess of oxidants or a deficiency of antioxidants, can lead to oxidative stress and damage to cellular components, contributing to various diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders. Researchers in the field of redox biology investigate the mechanisms underlying redox signaling and how it can be targeted for therapeutic interventions.